A. Purpose.  The standards established in this section set forth criteria for:

1. Providing lighting in outdoor public places where public health, safety, and welfare are potential concerns.

2. Controlling Glare from non-vehicular light sources that impair safe travel.

3. Protecting neighbors and the night sky from nuisance Glare and stray light from poorly aimed, placed, applied, maintained, or shielded light sources.

B. Applicability.  Outdoor lighting shall be required for safety and in areas of public assembly and travel, including, but not limited to: Streets, multi-family dwelling units, commercial, industrial, recreation areas, and institutional uses. Lititz Borough may require lighting to be incorporated for other uses or locations, as they deem necessary. The Glare control requirements herein contained apply to lighting in all above mentioned uses as well as sign, architectural, Landscaping, and residential lighting.

C. Illumination Levels.  Lighting shall have intensities and uniformity ratios in accordance with the current recommended practices of the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IESNA) as contained in the IESNA Lighting Handbook. Future amendments to said recommended practices shall become a part of this Ordinance without further action of Lititz Borough. Examples of intensities for typical outdoor applications, as extracted from the 8th Edition of the Lighting Handbook, are presented below:

Use	Task	Maintained Footcandles1	Uniformity Ratio2 (Max.:Min.)
Streets	Local Residential	0.4 Min.	6:1
	Local Commercial	0.9 Min.	6:1
Parking: Multi-Family Residential	Low Vehicular/Pedestrian Activity	0.2 Min.	4:1
	Medium Vehicular/Pedestrian Activity	0.6 Min.	4:1
Parking: Industrial Commercial, Institutional and Municipal	High Activity (e.g., regional Shopping centers/fast food facilities, major athletic/civic/cultural events)	0.9 Min.	4:1
	Medium Activity (e.g., community shopping centers.  Office parks, hospital, commuter lots, cultural/civic/ recreational events)	0.6 Min.	4:1
	Low activity (e.g., neighborhood shopping, industrial employee parking, schools, church parking, farm businesses, farm operations)	0.2 Min.	4:1
Walkways and Bikeways		0.5 Min.	5:1
Building Entrances and Signs		4.0 Avg.	-

1. Illumination levels are maintained horizontal Footcandles on the task, e.g., pavement or area surface.

2. Uniformity ratio is a measure of the dispersion of light on an area. The ratio is measured as maximum light level to minimum light level. Example: 4:1 for the given area, the maximum level of illumination should be no less than 4 times the minimum level of illumination (0.2 x 4 = 0.8 maximum light level)

D. Lighting Fixture Design.

1. Dedicated fixtures shall be of a type and design appropriate to the lighting application and aesthetically acceptable to Lititz Borough.

2. For lighting horizontal tasks such as roadways, sidewalks, entrances, and parking areas, fixtures shall meet IESNA Fully Shielded criteria (no light output emitted above ninety (90) degrees at any lateral angle around the fixture). Individual fixtures whose aggregate lamp output does not exceed one thousand eight hundred (1,800) lumens (typical household outdoor lighting) are exempt from this requirement.

3. The use of floodlighting, spotlighting, wall-mounted fixtures, decorative globes and spheres, and other fixtures not meeting IESNA full-cutoff criteria shall be permitted only with the approval of Lititz Borough, based upon applicability in retaining the Urban character of Lititz Borough and achieving acceptable Glare control.

4. Fixtures shall be equipped with, or be modified to, incorporate light directing and/or shielding devices such as shields, visors, skirts, or hoods to redirect offending light distribution and/or reduce direct or reflected Glare. Glare control shall be achieved primarily through the use of such means as cutoff fixtures, shields and baffles, and appropriate application of fixture mounting height, wattage, aiming angle and fixture placement.

E. Control of Nuisance and Disabling Glare.

1. All outdoor lighting shall be aimed, located, designed, fitted, and maintained so as not to present a hazard to drivers or pedestrians by impairing their ability to safely travel.

2. Unless for safety, security, or all-night operations, lighting shall be controlled by automatic switching devices to permit extinguishing between eleven (11) p.m. and dawn.

3. Lighting proposed for use after eleven (11) p.m., or after the normal hours of operation, shall be reduced by an average of seventy-five percent (75%) from that time until dawn, unless supporting a specific purpose.

4. Vegetation screens shall not be employed to serve as the primary means for controlling Glare.

5. The intensity of illumination projected onto an existing residential use from an existing property boundary shall not exceed the following vertical Footcandle, measured at the existing property line at a height of 5 feet;

a. 0.6 Footcandles in the Downtown.

b. 0.2 Footcandles in the Districts immediately adjoining the Downtown.

c. 0.1 Footcandle in other Districts.

6. Directional fixtures, e.g., floodlights and spotlights, shall be so shielded, installed and aimed that they do not project their output into the windows of neighboring residences, adjacent uses, past the object being illuminated, skyward or onto a public roadway or pedestrian way.

7. Externally illuminated billboards and signs shall be lighted by fixtures mounted at the top of the billboard or sign and aimed downward. The fixtures shall be designed, shielded and aimed to shield the source from off-site view and to restrict the light output onto and not beyond the sign or billboard. At no point on the face of the sign or billboard shall the illumination exceed 30 initial vertical footcandles with a maximum to minimum uniformity ration not to exceed 6:1.

8. Only the United States and the state flag shall be permitted to be illuminated from dusk till dawn. All other flags shall not be illuminated past 11:00 p.m. Flag lighting sources shall not exceed 7,000 initial lamp lumens per flagpole. The light source shall have a beam spread no greater than necessary to illuminate the flag and shall be fully shielded.

9. Under-canopy lighting, for such applications as gas/service stations, hotel/theater marquees, fast-food/bank/drugstore drive-ups, shall be accomplished using flatlens full-cutoff fixtures aimed straight down and shielded in such a manner that the lowest opaque edge of the fixture shall be below the light source at all lateral angles. The illumination in the area directly below the canopy shall not exceed 20 average footcandles and the maximum shall not exceed 30 footcandles.

10. The use of white strobe lighting for tall structures such as smokestacks, chimneys and radio/communications/television towers is prohibited during hours of darkness, except as specifically required by FAA.

F. Installation.

1. Electrical feeds to lighting standards shall be run underground, not overhead.

2. Pole mounted fixtures shall not be mounted in excess of 25 feet height.

3. Lighting standards in parking areas shall be placed outside paved areas or on concrete pedestals at least thirty (30) inches high above the pavement, or by other approved protective means.

4. Except for certain recreational lighting covered elsewhere in this Ordinance, fixtures not meeting IESNA full-cutoff criteria shall not be mounted in excess of sixteen (16) feet above finished grade and fixtures meeting IESNA full-cutoff criteria shall not be mounted in excess of twenty (20) feet above finished grade.  For the illumination of greater than 100 contiguous parking spaces, Lititz Borough may permit the use of a mounting height not to exceed twenty-five (25) feet for fixtures meeting IESNA full-cutoff criteria when it can be demonstrated to the satisfaction of Lititz Borough that light trespass and glare control requirements in this Ordinance have been met.

G. Recreational Uses – The nighttime illumination of outdoor recreational facilities for such aerial sports as baseball, basketball, soccer, tennis, track and field, and football typically necessitate higher than normally allowed fixture mounting heights and aiming angles, utilize very high-wattage lamps and potentially produce unacceptable levels of light trespass and glare when located near residential properties. Permission to illuminate such facilities shall be granted only when Lititz Borough is satisfied that the health, safety and welfare rights of nearby property owners and Lititz Borough as a whole have been properly protected. When recreational uses are specifically permitted by Lititz Borough for operation during hours of darkness, the following requirements shall apply:

1. Recreational facilities for basketball, baseball, football, soccer, miniature golf, tennis or track shall not be illuminated if located within a residential district or sited on a nonresidential property located within 1,000 feet of a property containing a residential use.

2. Maximum mounting heights for recreational lighting shall be in accordance with the following:

a. Basketball 20’

b. Football 70’

c. Soccer 70’

d. Little League Baseball

(1) 200’ Radius 60’

(2) 300’ Radius 70’

e. Lacrosse 70’

f. Miniature Golf 20’

g. Swimming Pool Aprons 20’

h. Tennis 20’

i. Track 20’

H. Plan Submission – For subdivision and land-development applications where site lighting is required by this Ordinance, is otherwise required by Lititz Borough or proposed by Applicant, lighting plans shall be submitted to Lititz Borough for review and approval with preliminary and final subdivision/land development plan applications and conditional use applications and shall contain the following:

1. A plan or plans of the site, complete with all structures, parking spaces, building entrances, traffic areas (both vehicular and pedestrian), vegetation that might interfere with lighting, and adjacent uses that might be adversely impacted by the lighting. The lighting plan shall contain a layout of all proposed fixtures by location, orientation, aiming direction, mounting height and type. The submission shall include, in addition to existing and proposed area lighting, all other exterior lighting, e.g., architectural, building-entrance, landscape, flag, sign, etc.

2. A 10’x 10’ illuminance grid (point-by point) plot of maintained horizontal footcandles overlaid on the site plan, plotted out to 0.0 footcandles, which demonstrates compliance with the light trespass, illuminance and uniformity requirements as set forth in this Ordinance or as otherwise required by Lititz Borough. When the scale of the plan, as judged by Lititz Borough, makes a 10’x 10’ grid plot illegible, a larger grid spacing may be permitted.

3. The maintenance (light-loss) factors, IES candela file nomenclature, lamp-lumen ratings and specific lamp manufacturer’s lamp ordering nomenclature, used in calculating the presented illuminance levels.

4. Description of the proposed equipment, including fixture catalog cuts, photometrics, glare reduction devices, lamps, on/off control devices, mounting heights, pole foundation details and mounting methods.

5. When landscaping plans are involved, they shall contain the lighting fixture locations and shall demonstrate that the site lighting and landscaping have been coordinated to minimize conflict between vegetation and intended light distribution, both initially and at vegetation maturity.

6. Plan Notes – The following notes shall appear on the Lighting Plan:

a. Post-approval alterations to lighting plans or intended substitutions for approved lighting equipment shall be submitted to Lititz Borough for review and approval.

b. Lititz Borough reserves the right to conduct post-installation inspections to verify compliance with the Ordinance requirements and approved Lighting Plan commitments, and if deemed appropriate by Lititz Borough, to require remedial action at no expense to Lititz Borough.

c. All exterior lighting shall meet IESNA full-cutoff criteria unless otherwise approved by Lititz Borough.

I. Post-Installation Inspection.